⬆️ Upgrade GitHub Actions and Ruby setup

Update actions/checkout, ruby/setup-ruby, and docker/setup-buildx-action
to their latest versions for improved performance and security.

⬆️ Upgrade dependencies in Gemfile.lock

Update various gem versions to their latest releases for improved
performance and security.

⬆️ Upgrade sqlite3 dependency to version 2.9.0

Ensure compatibility with the latest features and improvements in sqlite3.

🎨 Improve image handling in project display

Refactor project image helper to use processed URL for better performance
and consistency in image rendering.